ABDOMEN

                                                      ABDOMEN

The abdomen is a region of the body that extends from the chest to the pelvis. Its boundaries are defined by the diaphragm superiorly, the pelvic inlet inferiorly, and the abdominal wall anteriorly, posteriorly, and laterally.

The size of the abdominal area can vary depending on factors such as age, gender, and body weight. However, the average surface area of the abdomen in adults is approximately 1.6 square meters or 17 square feet.

It is important to note that the surface area of the abdomen does not necessarily correspond to its internal volume or the amount of space it occupies inside the body. The internal organs of the abdomen, such as the liver, stomach, intestines, and kidneys, can occupy different amounts of space and have different shapes and sizes, depending on the individual's anatomy and health status.

💥9 LAYERS OF ABDOMEN:

                             The abdomen has several layers of tissue, which include:

                                              👉Skin: The outermost layer of the abdomen is the skin, which provides a protective barrier and contains sensory receptors.

                                              👉Subcutaneous fat: Beneath the skin, there is a layer of subcutaneous fat that helps to insulate and cushion the organs in the abdomen.

                                              👉External oblique muscle: The external oblique muscle is the largest and most superficial of the abdominal muscles. It runs diagonally downward from the lower ribs to the iliac crest of the pelvis.

                                              👉Internal oblique muscle: The internal oblique muscle lies beneath the external oblique muscle and runs perpendicular to it. It also runs downward from the lower ribs to the iliac crest.

                                               👉Transverse abdominis muscle: The transverse abdominis muscle is the deepest of the abdominal muscles. It runs horizontally across the abdomen and helps to compress the abdominal contents.

                                                👉Rectus abdominis muscle: The rectus abdominis muscle is a long, flat muscle that runs vertically down the center of the abdomen. It is often referred to as the "six-pack" muscle.

                                                 👉Endothoracic fascia: The endothoracic fascia is a layer of connective tissue that separates the muscles of the chest and abdomen.

                                                 👉Transversalis fascia: The transversalis fascia is a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the inside of the abdominal cavity and provides support for the abdominal organs.

                                                 👉Peritoneum: The peritoneum is a thin, transparent membrane that lines the inside of the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It helps to protect and lubricate the organs and provides a surface for blood vessels and nerves to run along.

              9 REGIONS & ORGANS IN THE ABDOMEN

The abdomen is commonly divided into nine regions, which are used to describe the location of organs and structures within the abdominal cavity. These regions are:

👉Epigastric region: This region is located in the upper-middle part of the abdomen, above the umbilical region. The epigastric region contains the stomach, duodenum, liver, and pancreas.

👉Umbilical region: This region is located in the center of the abdomen, around the belly button. The umbilical region contains parts of the small intestine, transverse colon, and abdominal aorta.

👉Hypogastric region: This region is located in the lower-middle part of the abdomen, below the umbilical region. The hypogastric region contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and parts of the small intestine and colon.

👉Right hypochondriac region: This region is located in the upper-right part of the abdomen, just below the ribs. The right hypochondriac region contains the liver, gallbladder, and part of the right kidney.

👉Left hypochondriac region: This region is located in the upper-left part of the abdomen, just below the ribs. The left hypochondriac region contains the spleen, part of the stomach, and part of the left kidney.

👉Right lumbar region: This region is located on the right side of the abdomen, between the ribs and the hip bone. The right lumbar region contains the ascending colon and part of the right kidney.

👉Left lumbar region: This region is located on the left side of the abdomen, between the ribs and the hip bone. The left lumbar region contains the descending colon and part of the left kidney.

👉Right iliac (inguinal) region: This region is located in the lower-right part of the abdomen, near the groin. The right iliac region contains the cecum, appendix, and part of the small intestine.

👉Left iliac (inguinal) region: This region is located in the lower-left part of the abdomen, near the groin. The left iliac region contains the sigmoid colon and part of the small intestine.

It is important to note that some organs, such as the pancreas and spleen, may extend across multiple regions, and the actual location of organs can vary slightly from person to person depending on their individual anatomy.