DIABETES MELLITUS

                       DIABETES MELLITUS

·        Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high blood sugar.
·     With diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t effectively use the insulin it does make.

·     CAUSES-----

   I. HEREDITARY/ GENETIC DISORDER                                               

II.ATROPINE OF THE ILETS OF LANGERHAN’S.                                              

III.INACTIVATION OF INSULIN BY LIVER                                             IV. OVERWEIGHT.

V. PREGNANCY TIME

·STANDARD CLASSIFICATION---                                                             I.            PRIMARY DIABETES MELLITUS- -- 

a. TYPE I or INSULIN DEPENDENT or JUVENILE DIABETES.          

b. TYPE II or NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT or MATURITY ONSET DIABETES

II. SECONDARY DIABETES MELLITUS-

a. PANCREATIC DISORDER 

b. GESTATIONAL DIABETES 

C. NON-PANCREATIC ENDOCRINAL DISORDER. 

·    RISK FACTORS---

1.       TYPE I– family history/ hereditary

2.       TYPE II-

              a. overweight

                     b.old age “(over 40 years)             

                     c. family history             

                     d. gestational diabetes

                     e. high (bp, cholesterol, Triglycerides)

                    f. physically inactive

3. GESTATIONAL DIABETES-

                      a. OVERWEIGHT

                      b.  FAMILY HISTORY                

                   c.  PCOS- POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

·    SYMPTOMS--------

1.  EXTREME HUNGER

2.  EXCESSIVE THIRST

3.  WEIGHT LOSS

4.  DRY MOUTH

5.  ITCHY SKIN

6.  FATIGUE

7.  BLURRED VISION

8.  PAIN AND NUMBNESS IN FEET AND LEGS, HAND

9.  INCREASED URINATION

10.   NAUSEA
11. VOMITING

·    COMPLICATION------

·  Eye damage (retinopathy)· Kidney damage (nephropathy)· Nerve damage (neuropathy)· Hearing impairment·HEART DISEASE/ HEART PROBLEMS
·Foot damage
·ORAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
·BRAIN COMPLICATION
· PREMATURE BIRTH

· DEPRESSION

· JAUNDICE

· LIVER COMPLICATION

MANAGEMENT-------

1.   MEDICATION

2.   EXERCISE

3.   DIET

4.   AVOID ALCOHOL AND SMOKING

5.   CONTROL BP

6.   MAINTAIN TRIGLYCERIDES, CHOLESTEROL

7.   AVOID STRESS  

INVESTIGATION--- 

1. URINE EXAMINATION FOR SUGAR

2. BLOOD SUGAR FASTING & PP

link--- https://www.slideshare.net/INDRAJIT9/diabetes-mellitus-181252797

                                                         

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                                                      (R.A.I.N HEALTH CARE)